Republic of Singapore

The colours used in the Singapore Flag stand for 'brotherhood and equality' for red, and 'virtue and purity' for white. The five stars stand for democracy, peace, progress, justice and equality.

The moon, it is said, is symbolistic of a young country rising - however, it is widely thought that the inclusion of a Muslim symbol was to placate Singapore's neighbouring Muslim countries.

Designed by a committee in 1959.